Which description best characterizes Postconventional Morality?

• A. Based on self-interest
• B. Based on others' expectations
• C. Based on a personal code of ethics
• D. Based on obedience to authority

Answer: (C)

Postconventional morality is characterized by acting according to a personal code of ethics. People at this level base their judgments on internalized, universal principles—such as justice, rights, and human dignity—rather than seeking rewards, avoiding punishment, or conforming to social expectations. They may question or even disobey rules if those rules conflict with their ethical principles, prioritizing what is right over blind obedience or approval. This differs from self-interest driving behavior (which is about personal gain) and following others’ expectations or obeying authority (which are driven by external pressures). So the description that describes decisions based on a personal code of ethics best captures postconventional morality.